2026 Binary / ASCII Encoding Reference

Summary

What is the ASCII table, in one line?

ASCII (ANSI X3.4) assigns a unique number from 0 to 127 to every standard English letter, digit, punctuation mark, and control signal, and each number has a fixed 8-bit binary form when stored as a byte. This page exists because the guides elsewhere on the site keep quoting individual ASCII values, and it is easier to check a claim like "H is 72" against one table than to hunt it down piecemeal. The rows below cover all 128 values by category: control characters, digits, uppercase and lowercase letters, and punctuation. Every value was generated programmatically (Python chr() / bin() against the standard code points, the same computation behind binary-ascii-reference-2026.csv), not copied from a secondary source, so the figures are exact and reproducible by anyone with a Python interpreter.

Dataset: 128 rows Published: July 2, 2026 Updated: July 2, 2026 Format: CSV, HTML table

ASCII code 72 is 01001000 in binary, ASCII code 32 (space) is 00100000, and ASCII code 33 (!) is 00100001. These three values alone cover the most commonly looked-up conversions and are reproducible from the standard by anyone with a calculator.

Download the full table as CSV

Table 1

Control characters (0-31, plus 127)

These 33 codes are not letters or symbols. They are instructions inherited from teleprinter hardware: line feed, carriage return, escape, and similar signals. Most modern software only encounters a handful of them (tab, line feed, carriage return, escape) in everyday use.

Decimal	Hex	Binary (8-bit)	Name
0	0x00	00000000	NUL
1	0x01	00000001	SOH
2	0x02	00000010	STX
3	0x03	00000011	ETX
4	0x04	00000100	EOT
5	0x05	00000101	ENQ
6	0x06	00000110	ACK
7	0x07	00000111	BEL
8	0x08	00001000	BS
9	0x09	00001001	TAB
10	0x0A	00001010	LF
11	0x0B	00001011	VT
12	0x0C	00001100	FF
13	0x0D	00001101	CR
14	0x0E	00001110	SO
15	0x0F	00001111	SI
16	0x10	00010000	DLE
17	0x11	00010001	DC1
18	0x12	00010010	DC2
19	0x13	00010011	DC3
20	0x14	00010100	DC4
21	0x15	00010101	NAK
22	0x16	00010110	SYN
23	0x17	00010111	ETB
24	0x18	00011000	CAN
25	0x19	00011001	EM
26	0x1A	00011010	SUB
27	0x1B	00011011	ESC
28	0x1C	00011100	FS
29	0x1D	00011101	GS
30	0x1E	00011110	RS
31	0x1F	00011111	US
127	0x7F	01111111	DEL

Table 2

Digits (48-57)

Decimal	Hex	Binary (8-bit)	Character
48	0x30	00110000	0
49	0x31	00110001	1
50	0x32	00110010	2
51	0x33	00110011	3
52	0x34	00110100	4
53	0x35	00110101	5
54	0x36	00110110	6
55	0x37	00110111	7
56	0x38	00111000	8
57	0x39	00111001	9

Table 3

Uppercase letters (65-90)

Uppercase A through Z occupy a contiguous block. Note that A is 65, not 1 or 0, because the first 32 codes are reserved for control characters and the next several for punctuation.

Decimal	Hex	Binary (8-bit)	Character
65	0x41	01000001	A
66	0x42	01000010	B
67	0x43	01000011	C
68	0x44	01000100	D
69	0x45	01000101	E
70	0x46	01000110	F
71	0x47	01000111	G
72	0x48	01001000	H
73	0x49	01001001	I
74	0x4A	01001010	J
75	0x4B	01001011	K
76	0x4C	01001100	L
77	0x4D	01001101	M
78	0x4E	01001110	N
79	0x4F	01001111	O
80	0x50	01010000	P
81	0x51	01010001	Q
82	0x52	01010010	R
83	0x53	01010011	S
84	0x54	01010100	T
85	0x55	01010101	U
86	0x56	01010110	V
87	0x57	01010111	W
88	0x58	01011000	X
89	0x59	01011001	Y
90	0x5A	01011010	Z

Table 4

Lowercase letters (97-122)

Lowercase a through z sit exactly 32 above their uppercase counterparts (a is 97, A is 65). That 32-value gap is a single bit position, which is why toggling case in software is a one-bit flip rather than a lookup.

Decimal	Hex	Binary (8-bit)	Character
97	0x61	01100001	a
98	0x62	01100010	b
99	0x63	01100011	c
100	0x64	01100100	d
101	0x65	01100101	e
102	0x66	01100110	f
103	0x67	01100111	g
104	0x68	01101000	h
105	0x69	01101001	i
106	0x6A	01101010	j
107	0x6B	01101011	k
108	0x6C	01101100	l
109	0x6D	01101101	m
110	0x6E	01101110	n
111	0x6F	01101111	o
112	0x70	01110000	p
113	0x71	01110001	q
114	0x72	01110010	r
115	0x73	01110011	s
116	0x74	01110100	t
117	0x75	01110101	u
118	0x76	01110110	v
119	0x77	01110111	w
120	0x78	01111000	x
121	0x79	01111001	y
122	0x7A	01111010	z

Table 5

Punctuation and symbols

Decimal	Hex	Binary (8-bit)	Character
32	0x20	00100000	Space
33	0x21	00100001	!
34	0x22	00100010	"
35	0x23	00100011	#
36	0x24	00100100	$
37	0x25	00100101	%
38	0x26	00100110	&
39	0x27	00100111	'
40	0x28	00101000	(
41	0x29	00101001	)
42	0x2A	00101010	*
43	0x2B	00101011	+
44	0x2C	00101100	,
45	0x2D	00101101	-
46	0x2E	00101110	.
47	0x2F	00101111	/
58	0x3A	00111010	:
59	0x3B	00111011	;
60	0x3C	00111100	<
61	0x3D	00111101	=
62	0x3E	00111110	>
63	0x3F	00111111	?
64	0x40	01000000	@
91	0x5B	01011011	[
92	0x5C	01011100	\
93	0x5D	01011101	]
94	0x5E	01011110	^
95	0x5F	01011111	_
96	0x60	01100000	`
123	0x7B	01111011	{
124	0x7C	01111100	\|
125	0x7D	01111101	}
126	0x7E	01111110	~

Methodology

Where do these numbers come from?

The values in this table are the standard 7-bit ASCII character set defined by ANSI X3.4 (originally published by the American Standards Association in 1963, revised to its current form in 1968 and reaffirmed by ANSI since), which is identical to the international reference version of ISO/IEC 646. The same 128 code points were carried forward unchanged as U+0000 through U+007F of Unicode, and UTF-8 (specified by Ken Thompson and Rob Pike in 1992, formalized in RFC 3629) encodes them as identical single bytes. Binary values in this table are shown 8-bit, with the unused high bit set to 0, matching how ASCII text is stored in a byte-oriented system.

Every row was generated programmatically this session by computing the decimal, hexadecimal, and binary form of each of the 128 standard code points; nothing was copied from a secondary table. Last verified and published July 2, 2026. This page is scheduled for an annual refresh; if the standard changes, this page changes with it.

Cite this page

BinaryTranslatorTool, “2026 Binary / ASCII Encoding Reference,” binarytranslatortool.com, July 2026.

https://binarytranslatortool.com/binary-ascii-reference-2026

Scope

Things to Know

This table stops at 127 on purpose. That is the full 7-bit ASCII range defined by ANSI X3.4, and it is where the ASCII standard itself ends. Extended character sets such as Windows-1252 or ISO 8859-1 tack on a further 128 values (codes 128 to 255) for accented letters and symbols, but those extensions are not part of ANSI X3.4 and differ from one encoding to the next, so they are deliberately left out here rather than presented as if they were standardized.

The CSV linked above is the same 128-row dataset as the HTML tables on this page, generated together so the two never drift apart. If you spot a mismatch between the CSV and the tables, that is a bug worth reporting on the contact page, not a judgment call to resolve on your own.

FAQ

Why does the table skip straight from 31 to 32?

Codes 0 through 31 (plus 127) are control characters, not printable symbols, so they are grouped separately in Table 1. Code 32 is the space character, the first printable value, which is why Table 2 onward picks up from there.

Is this the same as extended ASCII or Windows-1252?

No. This table stops at 127, the original 7-bit ASCII range defined by ANSI X3.4. Extended sets like Windows-1252 or ISO 8859-1 add a second 128 characters (codes 128 to 255) that are not part of the ANSI X3.4 standard and vary by encoding, so they are not included here.

Can I use this table for Unicode characters outside ASCII?

Not directly. Codes 0 to 127 are identical in ASCII and Unicode, so this table works for those. Anything past 127, an accented letter, an emoji, a non-Latin script, uses a different, longer binary encoding under UTF-8 and needs a separate reference.

For a hands-on walkthrough, see What Is ASCII or use the binary translator directly.